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|branch = |serviceyears =1826–1861 (USN) 1861–1865 (CSN) 1865 (CSA) |rank = Commander (USN) Rear admiral (CSN) 25px Brigadier general (CSA) |servicenumber = |unit = |commands = (Mexican War) CSS ''Sumter'' (U.S. Civil War) CSS ''Alabama'' (U.S. Civil War) James River Squadron (U.S. Civil War) |battles =Mexican-American War American Civil War *Battle of Cherbourg |battles_label = |awards = |spouse = |relations = |laterwork = |signature = |website = }} Raphael Semmes (September 27, 1809 – August 30, 1877) was an officer in the Confederate navy during the American Civil War. Beforehand, he had been an officer in the United States Navy from 1826 to 1860. During the American Civil War, Semmes was captain of the commerce raider CSS ''Alabama'', which took 65 prizes. Late in the war, he was promoted to rear admiral and also served briefly as a brigadier general in the Confederate army. Semmes is the only North American to have held both ranks simultaneously.〔Warren F. Spencer, "Raphael Semmes: The Philosophical Mariner, Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 1997, ISBN 978-0-8173-0844-5, p. 186〕 ==Early life and education== Semmes was born in Charles County, Maryland, a cousin of future Confederate general Paul Jones Semmes and Union Navy Captain Alexander Alderman Semmes. He graduated from Charlotte Hall Military Academy〔Maryland. State Board of Education. ''Twenty-sixth Annual Report of the State Board of Education, Showing the Condition of the Public Schools or Maryland, for the Year Ending July 31, 1892''. Baltimore, MD: Press of Thomas & Evans, 1893, p. xlix.〕 and entered the U. S. Navy as a midshipman in 1826. Semmes then studied law and was admitted to the bar. He was promoted to lieutenant in February 1837.〔Fox, p. 23〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Raphael Semmes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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